Taking the below-river-passing tunnel construction of a section (from Xueyuan Square to Dalian Maritime University) of Dalian metro line 1 as subject, a back analysis method and realizing process of differential evolution was established with the index of displacement value, through carrying on the back analysis of the tunnel surrounding rock mechanics parameters based on a latest superior algorithm—differential evolution. The mentioned surrounding rock mechanics parameters were used to schemes comparison and stabilization analysis of the below-river-passing tunnel excavation construction to verify its viability and availability under complicated geological conditions. It is shown that this method does have its viability and reference effects for construction schemes selection and tunnel security.Besides, the mentioned surrounding rock mechanics parameters deserve the further application to the related research of certain similar constructions.