The effects of physical properties of working fluids such as carbon monoxide, air, carbon dioxide, helium and argon on the performance of subsonic axial compressor rotor were studied by combining theoretical analysis and numerical verification. Firstly, through theoretical analysis, it is clear that Mach number, Reynolds number and specific heat ratio were the physical factors affecting the performance of compressor rotor. Then, the mathematical relationship between the stall boundary flow and the physical properties of the working medium was established. Finally, the theoretical analysis results were verified by numerical simulation. The results show that the error of the stall boundary prediction obtained by the equation is less than 5% compared with the numerical results.