船舶管路路径规划易出现局部最优、路径冗余等问题。为此，本文采用堵路剪枝 A*算法（BPA-star）开展管路布局优化研究。在完成管路作业空间几何建模的前提下，融合分段剪枝技术与堵路迭代方法对算法进行改良，既克服了传统搜索算法易陷入局部最优的弊端，扩大了全局搜索区间，又去除了管路路径中的冗余线路与多余转折点，有效提升了管路规划质量。结果表明，单管路案例中，BPA-star 算法在路径长度、拐角数与能量值等方面均得到最优值；多管路案例中，其管路布局更紧凑，贴合船体结构，管路衔接效果优于基础A*算法，经济性与适配性更突出。未引入延伸段方向引导时，算法规划管路的能量值降低 45.68%，安装适配长度增加 400%；引入延伸段方向引导后，管路拐角数减少 8.64%，安装适配长度增加 54.64%。研究成果可为船舶管路布局设计提供参考，对提升管路设计与施工效率具有实际应用价值。

Ship pipeline path planning is susceptible to problems such as local optima and path redundancy. To solve these issues, this paper adopted the blocked-path pruning A* algorithm (BPA-star) to study pipeline layout optimization. After establishing the geometric model of the pipeline working space, the algorithm was improved by integrating pruning segmentation and blocked-path iteration techniques. This method not only avoids the local optimum trap of traditional search algorithms and expands the global search range, but also eliminates redundant routes and unnecessary turning points, thereby effectively improving the quality of pipeline planning. The results show that for single-pipeline cases, the BPA-star algorithm achieves optimal values in terms of path length, number of turns and energy cost. For multi-pipeline cases, it produces a more compact layout that fits the hull structure well. Compared with the conventional A* algorithm, the proposed method delivers better pipeline connection performance, along with superior economic efficiency and adaptability. Without the directional guidance of extension segments, the energy value of pipelines planned by the algorithm decreases by 45.68%, and the installation adaptation length increases by 400%. With the directional guidance of extension segments adopted, the number of pipeline turns decreases by 8.64%, and the installation adaptation length increases by 54.64%. The findings can provide guidance for ship pipeline layout design and have practical application value for improving pipeline design and construction efficiency.