微弧氧化/喷涂法制备超疏水表面及其性能研究

doi:10.16411/j.cnki.issn1006-7736.2026.02.011

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大连海事大学学报 ›› 2026, Vol. 52 ›› Issue (2) : 106-117. DOI: 10.16411/j.cnki.issn1006-7736.2026.02.011

微弧氧化/喷涂法制备超疏水表面及其性能研究

廖晓钢，付景国^*，杨宇超，田建超，孙伯亚，姚明迅

作者信息 +

Fabrication of superhydrophobic surfaces via micro-arc oxidation/spraying method and their performance investigation

LIAO Xiaogang, FU Jingguo^*, YANG Yuchao, TIAN Jianchao, SUN Boya, YAO Mingxun

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文章历史 +

摘要

喷涂法是超疏水表面常用制备方法，但存在涂层与基体结合强度低、耐久性差及水中气垫不稳定等问题。为此，本文提出铝基体微弧氧化结合两步喷涂的复合制备工艺。首先，通过微弧氧化在铝基体形成多孔结构；其次，依次喷涂掺杂疏水性SiO₂纳米颗粒的氟碳树脂及SiO₂纳米颗粒超疏水溶液，室温固化获得超疏水表面，其静态水接触角达162.5°、滚动角仅1.8°。通过载重摩擦、砂石撞击、自清洁、电化学腐蚀、盐水浸泡及减阻测试探究其综合性能。结果表明：该双层SiO₂超疏水表面机械耐久性优良；腐蚀电流密度较铝基体降低3个数量级；试样级0.5 m/s水流冲刷减阻率达69.5%，船模级0.3 m/s航速减阻率为54.8%。微弧氧化形成的多孔结构增强了涂层与基体的结合强度，树脂中掺杂的SiO₂纳米颗粒可强化涂层并动态补充受损的表面微纳结构，共同提升表面稳定超疏水性能。本文通过涂层结构设计，改善了超疏水表面综合性能，为其在船舶领域的工程化应用提供了实验依据与理论支撑。

Abstract

Spraying is a common method for fabricating superhydrophobic surfaces, yet it suffers from low bonding strength between coatings and substrates, poor durability and unstable air cushions in water. A composite fabrication strategy combining micro-arc oxidation (MAO) and two-step spraying was proposed for aluminum substrates. Firstly, porous structures were constructed on aluminum substrates via micro-arc oxidation. Secondly, fluorocarbon resin doped with hydrophobic SiO₂ nanoparticles and SiO₂ nanoparticle superhydrophobic solution were sprayed sequentially, and superhydrophobic surfaces were obtained after curing at room temperature, with a static water contact angle of 162.5° and a sliding angle of merely 1.8°. The comprehensive performances were systematically investigated through friction test, gravel impact test, self-cleaning test, electrochemical corrosion test, salt water immersion test and drag reduction test. The results show that the as prepared double layer SiO₂superhydrophobic surface possesses excellent mechanical durability. Its corrosion current density is reduced by three orders of magnitude compared with the bare aluminum substrate. The drag reduction rate reaches 69.5% at a water flow velocity of 0.5 m/s in specimen scale tests, and achieves 54.8% at a sailing speed of 0.3 m/s in ship model tests. The porous structure formed by micro-arc oxidation enhances the interfacial bonding strength between coating and substrate. Moreover, the SiO₂ nanoparticles embedded in the resin can strengthen the coating and dynamically repair damaged micro/nanostructures, synergistically endowing the surface with stable superhydrophobicity. By rational coating structure design, the overall performances of superhydrophobic surfaces are effectively improved. This study provides experimental basis and theoretical support for the engineering application of superhydrophobic surfaces in marine fields.

导出引用

廖晓钢, 付景国, 杨宇超, 田建超, 孙伯亚, 姚明迅. 微弧氧化/喷涂法制备超疏水表面及其性能研究[J]. 大连海事大学学报. 2026, 52(2): 106-117 https://doi.org/10.16411/j.cnki.issn1006-7736.2026.02.011

LIAO Xiaogang, FU Jingguo, YANG Yuchao, TIAN Jianchao, SUN Boya, YAO Mingxun. Fabrication of superhydrophobic surfaces via micro-arc oxidation/spraying method and their performance investigation [J]. Journal of Dalian Maritime University. 2026, 52(2): 106-117 https://doi.org/10.16411/j.cnki.issn1006-7736.2026.02.011

中图分类号： TB304 TG174.4

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