聚酰亚胺/环氧树脂/二硫化钨复合涂层制备及摩擦磨损性能研究

doi:10.16411/j.cnki.issn1006-7736.2026.02.012

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大连海事大学学报 ›› 2026, Vol. 52 ›› Issue (2) : 118-129. DOI: 10.16411/j.cnki.issn1006-7736.2026.02.012

聚酰亚胺/环氧树脂/二硫化钨复合涂层制备及摩擦磨损性能研究

张博，付景国*，孙伯亚，高伟，姚明迅，杨彦，马春生

作者信息 +

Preparation and tribological properties of polyimide/epoxy resin/tungsten disulfide composite coatings

ZHANG Bo, FU Jingguo^*, SUN Boya, GAO Wei, YAO Mingxun, YANG Yan, MA Chunsheng

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摘要

为改善船舶内燃机轴瓦在苛刻工况下的减摩耐磨性能，本文采用刮涂热固化工艺在铝合金基体表面制备一种聚酰亚胺/环氧树脂/二硫化钨复合涂层，并探究黏固比对其力学性能及其摩擦学性能的影响规律。利用扫描电镜（SEM）和能谱仪（EDS）分析涂层表面、截面及磨痕的形貌及元素分布；通过显微硬度计测试涂层硬度；采用摩擦磨损试验机，在干摩擦条件下考察涂层在不同载荷和频率下的摩擦系数与磨损率。结果表明，随着载荷和频率的增大，涂层磨损率和摩擦系数逐渐增高，黏固比对涂层性能具有显著影响。当黏固比为2时，涂层中二硫化钨固体润滑剂在聚合物中分散均匀，涂层结构致密，显微硬度最高，为56.7 HV。在干摩擦条件下（往复运动频率3 Hz、载荷5 N、黏固比2），该涂层表现出最佳摩擦学性能，平均摩擦系数和磨损率分别为0.06和1.50×10^-4mm³/(N·m)。究其原因可能是，在减摩方面，涂层中层片状二硫化钨的层间范德华力较低，易于滑动，赋予涂层优异的减摩性能。在磨损方面，当聚合物含量过高时，因聚合物硬度不足，涂层在摩擦磨损过程中发生塑性变形及黏着磨损；而聚合物含量过低时，涂层与基体结合强度不足，导致涂层脱落。本研究可为开发高性能船舶发动机轴瓦表面防护涂层提供实验依据与数据支持。

Abstract

To improve the anti-friction and wear resistance performance of marine internal combustion engine bearing bushes under harsh operating conditions, this paper adopted the scraping and thermal curing process to prepare a polyimide/epoxy resin/tungsten disulfide (PI/EP/WS₂) composite coating on the surface of an aluminum alloy substrate, and explored the influence law of the bonding agent ratios on its mechanical and tribological properties. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) were used to analyze the morphology and element distribution of the coating surface, cross-section and wear scars, a microhardness tester was employed to measure the coating hardness, and a friction and wear tester was adopted to investigate the friction coefficient and wear rate of the coating under different loads and frequencies under dry friction conditions. Results show that with the increase of load and frequency, the wear rate and friction coefficient of the coating gradually increase, and the bonding agent ratios has a significant impact on the coating properties. When the bonding agent ratios is 2, the tungsten disulfide solid lubricant in the coating is uniformly dispersed in the polymer, the coating structure is dense, and the microhardness is the highest, reaching 56.7 HV. Under dry friction conditions at a reciprocating frequency of 3 Hz and a load of 5 N, the coating with bonding agent ratios of 2 exhibites the best overall tribological performance, with an average friction coefficient of 0.06 and a wear rate of 1.50×10^-4mm³/(N·m). The superior performance can be attributed to the following factors: in terms of friction reduction, the layered WS₂ with weak interlayer van der Waals forces facilitates easy shearing, endowing the coating with excellent anti-friction properties. Regarding wear resistance, when the polymer content is too high, the insufficient hardness of the polymer matrix leads to plastic deformation and adhesive wear; conversely, when the polymer content is too low, the bonding strength between the coating and the substrate is inadequate, resulting in coating spallation. This study can provide experimental evidence and data support for developing high-performance protective coatings for marine engine bearing bushes.

导出引用

张博, 付景国, 孙伯亚, 高伟, 姚明迅, 杨彦, 马春生. 聚酰亚胺/环氧树脂/二硫化钨复合涂层制备及摩擦磨损性能研究[J]. 大连海事大学学报. 2026, 52(2): 118-129 https://doi.org/10.16411/j.cnki.issn1006-7736.2026.02.012

ZHANG Bo, FU Jingguo, SUN Boya, GAO Wei, YAO Mingxun, YANG Yan, MA Chunsheng. Preparation and tribological properties of polyimide/epoxy resin/tungsten disulfide composite coatings[J]. Journal of Dalian Maritime University. 2026, 52(2): 118-129 https://doi.org/10.16411/j.cnki.issn1006-7736.2026.02.012

中图分类号： U664.121

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