对经常航行于新加坡海峡的船舶驾驶员进行的问卷调查结果显示，该海峡能见度不良的主要原因是短时雷暴带来的暴雨.暴雨使得能见度骤降，使船舶存在发生碰撞事故的风险.同时，对各种事故信息的分析表明，新加坡海峡中发生的碰撞事故主要集中在海峡东端的分道通航制入口处和两个警戒区内，这与调查结果完全一致.在对国内气象部门近年来短时雷暴天气的临近预报情况综合分析的基础上，建议由新加坡气象部门建立或完善短时雷暴天气预警体系，并与新加坡海事管理部门建立联动预警机制，通过当地VTS为海峡各区域提供及时的低能见度预警，以保障在海峡航行船舶的安全.
Abstract
Data of questionnaires provided by navigators who often proceed in Singapore strait show that the heavy rain caused by short-term thunderstorm is the main reason for low visibility in Singapore strait. The heavy rain makes the low visibility, which leads the risk of collision accidents for ships. Analysis for the data of accidents also shows that the collision accidents mainly occur at the entrance to the traffic separation scheme at the east of the Strait and two precautionary areas， which agrees with the questionnaires. Suggestions on improvement of the nowcasting and warning services of thunderstorm in Singapore strait are put forward after overviewing nowcasting methods for the thunderstorm weather in China. It is suggested to set up or improve the warning system for the short-term thunderstorm weather, and to cooperate with the maritime administration authority in Singapore, which aim to improve the safety of the vessels in the Singapore Strait by providing low visibility warnings by VTS.
关键词
新加坡海峡 /
气象安全保障 /
船舶安全 /
短时雷暴天气 /
低能见度预警
Key words
Singapore strait /
meteorological safety guarantee /
safety navigation /
short term thunderstorm /
low visibility warning
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