针对液化天然气（LNG）水域泄漏爆发沸腾现象，搭建可视化实验系统平台，该实验系统可以实现控制LNG喷射入水深度、调节水温、控制喷射压力和调节LNG组分浓度等功能，并通过高速动态记录仪和压力、温度传感器等监测仪器对LNG水域排放过程进行研究.将爆发沸腾基础理论与实验结果相结合得出：在入水深度不受限情况下，LNG混合液的沸腾剧烈程度相对较高；LNG与水之间的速度差越大，LNG中初始甲烷组分浓度越低，越容易发生爆发沸腾，而且发生爆发沸腾的时刻越提前，所产生的沸腾强度也越大.实验中获得的LNG水域排放爆发沸腾最大热流密度为1.7MW/m2.
Abstract
Aiming at the explosive boiling phenomenon of liquefied natural gas (LNG) discharging on/under water, a visualization experimental system was built. A number of factors such as water depth, water temperature, injection pressure, and LNG component concentration can be controlled in this system. The LNG boiling process can be monitored by high speed recording instruments and sensors. By analyzing explosive boiling theory and experimental results, the following conclusions can be introduced: in the relatively infinite water, boiling intensity of mixture is higher. Bigger the LNG discharging rate difference between LNG and water, lower the initial concentration of methane in LNG, easier the explosive boiling, shorter the delay time, and greater the boiling intensity. The maximum heat flux of explosive boiling is about 1.7 MW/m2 in these experiences.
关键词
液化天然气(LNG) /
爆发沸腾 /
发生机理 /
实验研究
Key words
liquefied natural gas(LNG) /
explosive boiling /
occurrence mechanism /
experimental study
{{custom_sec.title}}
{{custom_sec.title}}
{{custom_sec.content}}
参考文献
[1]LUKETA-HANLIN A.A review of large-scale LNG spills:experiments and modeling[J].Journal of Hazardous Materials,2006,132 (2-3):119-140.
[2]邹玉.超急速爆发沸腾汽泡形核分子动力学研究[D].北京:中国科学院,2011:15-34. ZOU Yu.Study on molecular dynamics of bubble nucleation in rapid transient explosive boiling[D].Beijing: Chinese Academy of Sciences, 2011:15-34. (in Chinese)
[3]CLARKE H,MARTINEZ-HERASME A,CROOKES R,et al. Experimental study of jet structure and pressurization upon liquid nitrogen injection into water[J]. Multiphase Flow, 2010,36(11-12):940-949.
[4]ZOU Yu,HUAI Xiu-lan, LIN Lin. Molecular dynamics simulation for homogeneous nucleation of water liquid nitrogen in explosive boiling[J]. Applied Thermal Engineering,2010,30(8-9):895-863.
[5]LI Tian-shu, YANG Yan-hua, YUAN Ming-hao. Experimental investigation on the bursting of single molten droplet in coolant[J].Nuclear Science and Technique, 2007,18(6):376-380.
[6]ZHANG Bin, WU Wan-qing, ZHANG Jian-wei. Numerical study on boiling mechanism and rapid phase transfer phenomenon of LNG discharging on water[J]. Advanced Materials Research, 2012, 516-517: 97-106.
[7]WATANABE T MAEHARA H, ITOH S. Explosive evaporating phenomena of cryogenic fluids by direct contracitng normal temperature[J]. International Journal of Multiphysics, 2012,6(2):107-114.
[8]KHABEEV N S. Simulation of vapour explosions[J].Applied Energy, 1999, 64 (1-4):317-321.
[9]董兆一.饱和液氮爆发沸腾实验与理论研究[D]. 北京: 中国科学院工程热物理研究所,2005:44-58.
DONG Zhao-yi.Experimental and theoretical study on the explosive boiling of saturated liquid nitrogen[D]. Beijing: Institute of Engineering Thermophysics Chinese Academy of Sciences, 2005:44-58.(in Chinese)
[10]尹铁男.超急速爆发沸腾实验研究[D].北京:中国科学院工程热物理研究所,2008:28-39.
YIN Tie-nan.Experimental study of rapid transient explosive boiling[D].Beijing:Institute of Engineering Thermophysics Chinese Academy of Sciences, 2008:28-39.(in Chinese)
[11]MEISTER B J.The formation and stability of jets in immiscible liquid systems[D].New York:Cornell University,1996:30-50.
[12]张彬.LNG船舶液货水域泄漏发展机理数值研究[D]. 大连: 大连海事大学, 2010:42-45.
ZHANG Bin.Numerical study on development mechanism of LNG leakage on/under water[D].Dalian: Dalian Maritime University,2010:42-45. (in Chinese)
[13]TENG H,YAMASAKI A. Effect of hydrates on instability of liquid CO2 jets in the deep ocean[J].Energy,1997,22(2-3):273-278.
[14]张彬,于桂峰,吴宛青,等.液化天然气泄漏扩散数值模拟[J].大连海事大学学报,2013,39(2):99-102.
ZHANG Bin, YU Gui-feng, WU Wan-qing, et al. Numerical simulation on LNG spilling and dispersion[J]. Journal of Dalian Maritime University, 2013,39(2):99-102. (in Chinese)
基金
国家自然科学基金青年科学基金项目（51306026）；交通部海事局科技项目（2013_60）；中央高校基本科研业务费青年骨干教师项目（3132014204）.
PDF(864 KB)
