船载分布式动力电池系统分层协同致稳控制

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大连海事大学学报 ›› 2025, Vol. 51 ›› Issue (4) : 43-57.

船载分布式动力电池系统分层协同致稳控制

曾宇基¹，张勤进^*1，于鹤扬²

作者信息 +

Hierarchical cooperative stabilization control for shipboard distributed power battery systems

ZENG Yuji¹，ZHANG Qinjin^*1，YU Heyang²

Author information +

文章历史 +

摘要

针对弱组网支撑条件下船载分布式动力电池系统功率分配失衡与母线电压失稳的问题，提出一种分层协同致稳控制方法。该方法基于分层控制思想，将动力电池变换器的控制器分为主控层、观测层和协控层。在主控层，移除下垂控制环节，构建基于分布式通信机制的无下垂控制框架，解决传统下垂控制均功与调压之间的固有矛盾；在观测层，利用动态扩散算法在本地动力电池变换器迭代计算平均状态变量，促使分布式平均计算过程平滑收敛，解决相邻动力电池变换器之间的通信数据拥堵难题；在协控层，设计一种多目标协同致稳控制器，实现荷电状态与健康状态复合动态均衡、载荷功率按容分配和平均母线电压稳定调节。实验结果表明，该方法可将分布式动力电池系统的服役寿命延长20%，平均母线电压暂态偏差控制在0.6%以内。该方法可为新能源船舶动力电池系统运行控制的应用提供参考。

Abstract

To address the problem of unbalanced power allocation and unstable bus voltage in shipboard distributed power battery system under weak grid support conditions, a hierarchical cooperative stabilization control method is proposed. This method is based on the layered control idea, which divides the controller of the power battery converter into the main control layer, observation layer and cooperative control layer. In the main control layer, the droop control link is removed, and a droop-free control framework based on a distributed communication mechanism is constructed to solve the inherent contradiction between power equalization and voltage regulation in traditional droop control. In the observation layer, a dynamic diffusion algorithm is utilized to iteratively calculate the average state variables at local power battery converters, which drives the distributed averaging calculation process to converge smoothly and solves the communication data congestion problem between neighboring power battery converters. In the cooperative control layer, a multi-objective cooperative stabilization controller is designed to achieve composite dynamic equalization of State-of-Charge and State-of-Health, load power allocation by capacitance, and stable regulation of average bus voltage. The experimental results show that the proposed method can extend the service life of distributed power battery system by 20%, and the average bus voltage transient deviation is controlled within 0.6%. This method can provide a reference to the application of the operation control for the power battery system in new energy ships.

导出引用

曾宇基, 张勤进, 于鹤扬. 船载分布式动力电池系统分层协同致稳控制[J]. 大连海事大学学报. 2025, 51(4): 43-57

ZENG Yuji, ZHANG Qinjin, YU Heyang. Hierarchical cooperative stabilization control for shipboard distributed power battery systems[J]. Journal of Dalian Maritime University. 2025, 51(4): 43-57

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