深海中喷洒分散剂后溢油运动轨迹预测

廖国祥; 杨建强; 高振会; 熊德琪

doi:10.16411/j.cnki.issn1006-7736.2013.02.001

大连海事大学学报 >

2013 , Vol. 39 >Issue 2: 103 - 107

DOI: https://doi.org/10.16411/j.cnki.issn1006-7736.2013.02.001

环境科学与工程

深海中喷洒分散剂后溢油运动轨迹预测

廖国祥 ,
杨建强 ,
高振会 ,
熊德琪

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1. 国家海洋环境监测中心，辽宁大连 116023；2. 国家海洋局北海分局，山东青岛266033；3. 国家深海基地管理中心，山东青岛266061; 4.大连海事大学环境科学与工程学院，辽宁大连116026

廖国祥 (1979 - ), 男,博士，E-mail: gxliao@nmemc.gov.cn.

收稿日期: 2012-10-30

网络出版日期: 2023-05-26

基金资助

山东省海洋生态环境与防灾减灾重点实验室开放基金项目 (2012008)；交通运输部海事局科技项目(9011177)；2012年海洋公益性行业科研专项（201205012）.

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Numerical prediction of oil spill trajectory after dispersant application in deepwater environment

LIAO Guo-xiang ,
YANG Jian-qiang ,
GAO Zhen-hui ,
XIONG De-qi

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1. National Marine Environment Monitoring Center,Dalian 116023, China; 2. North China Sea Branch of State Ocean Administration, Qingdao 266033, China; 3. National Deep Sea Center, Qingdao 266061, China; 4. Environmental Science and Engineering College, Dalian Maritime University, Dalian 116026, China

Received date: 2012-10-30

Online published: 2023-05-26

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摘要

分析溢油分散剂的作用机理和影响分散效率的主要因素，概述美国“深水地平线”溢油事故中水下使用分散剂的方式及效果.通过改进深海溢油输移扩散预测模型，研究深海中喷洒分散剂后溢油运动轨迹的数值预测方法.以深海溢油现场试验为例，初步预测在深海泄漏源处喷洒分散剂后的溢油运动轨迹.结果显示：经分散剂处理后粒径小于0.5 mm的油滴在水下环境中输移扩散且缓慢上浮，其中粒径小于0.1 mm的油滴容易在深海中形成悬浮油带.

关键词： 深海溢油; 分散剂; 输移扩散; 数值模拟; 轨迹预测

本文引用格式

廖国祥 , 杨建强 , 高振会 , 熊德琪 . 深海中喷洒分散剂后溢油运动轨迹预测[J]. 大连海事大学学报, 2013 , 39(2) : 103 -107 . DOI: 10.16411/j.cnki.issn1006-7736.2013.02.001

Abstract

The paper analyzes the mechanism of the spilled oil being chemically dispersed and the main factors that determine the effectiveness of the dispersant, and introduces the method of spraying dispersant in deepwater environment used in the “Deepwater Horizon” oil spill accident. Numerical methods are developed to track the oil spill trajectory after applying dispersants in deepwater by improving a three-dimensional deepwater oil spill model (DOSM). The improved model is used to predict the oil spill trajectory with and without spraying dispersants to the spill source in deepwater environment. Simulation results show that the chemical dispersed oil droplets of diameter less than 0.5 mm be diffused in the underwater environment and move to the sea surface slowly, of which the oil droplets of diameter less than 0.1 mm tend to form a suspended oil plume in deepwater.

Key words： deepwater oil spill; chemical dispersant; transport and diffusion; numerical modeling; trajectory prediction

参考文献

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［11］廖国祥, 韩俊松, 熊德琪. 复杂泄漏方式下的海上溢油行为归宿数值模拟及应用［J］. 大连海事大学学报, 2010, 36(1): 86-90. LIAO Guo-xiang, HAN Jun-song, XIONG De-qi. Marine oil spill transport and fate numerical modeling for complex leaking modes ［J］. Journal of Dalian Maritime University, 2010, 36(1): 86-90.(in Chinese)

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