为对导致疲劳的最主要因素以及影响不同类型船员疲劳水平的主要原因进行分析，以期为政府部门和航运企业制订疲劳法规和管理政策提供经验证据和支持，本文对两家欧洲船舶管理公司的454名船员进行问卷调查，运用SPSS软件进行最优尺度多元回归和方差分析.结果表明，“难以入睡”,“由于工作量大，我有连续长时间工作的压力”，“睡眠质量不高，容易被打扰”三个因素对船员疲劳程度的影响最大，其中，“睡眠质量不高，容易被打扰”对高级船员和甲板部船员的“疲劳影响”最为显著；“难以入睡”,“由于工作量大，我有连续长时间工作的压力”因素对低级船员“疲劳影响”最为显著；“由于工作量大，我有连续长时间工作的压力”对轮机部船员“疲劳影响”最为显著.未来消除海上疲劳的管理工作可以围绕以上疲劳影响因素展开.针对不同等级和部门的船员的疲劳管理，也应该有针对性地制订疲劳管理制度，以利于切实减少船员疲劳水平，提高船员健康安全水平.

In order to analyze the main factors associated with fatigue and analyze the main factors which contribute to fatigue of different types of seafarers. SPSS software was used to carry out optimal scale multiple regression and variance analysis based on the questionnaire surveys of 454 employees in two European shipping management companies. Results show that “Have trouble falling asleep”, “Have pressure for a long time due to a heavy workload” and “Have restless and disturbed sleep” are the three main factors which lead to max influence on seafarers “fatigue”. Thereinto, “Have restless and disturbed sleep” has the most significant influence on “fatigue” of officers and seafarers in deck department, “Have trouble falling asleep”，and “Have pressure for a long time due to a heavy workload” have the most significant influence on “fatigue” of junior crew, and “Have pressure for a long time due to a heavy workload” has the most significant influence on “fatigue” of seafarers in engineering department. Therefore, mitigation of maritime fatigue can be planned by managing the identified influential factors. A targeted fatigue management system should also be designed to solve the specific problems concerning seafarers of different groups to reduce and mitigate the fatigue of seafarers’, and improve their occupational health and safety condition.