针对新冠疫情与“双碳战略”背景下的航线配船和货物分配问题，为满足班轮公司对船队运输效率、经济效益、服务质量和环保效益平衡发展的要求，以船队平均舱位利用率和营运利润最大以及货物时间价值损失与单箱碳排放量最小为目标，建立班轮航线配船与货物分配多目标优化模型。根据子问题间的内在联系，将模型分解为双层模型，上层采用混合整数非线性规划处理航线配船及航速优化问题，下层采用线性规划处理货物分配问题，基于NSGA-Ⅱ算法框架设计求解算法，以某班轮公司船队为例进行分析。结果证明：该模型与优化求解方法具有可行性，并且班轮公司可采取小幅提速和增加中小型船舶数量的混合策略，在满足更多货运需求、应对港口拥堵的同时，实现碳减排的效果。

Aiming at fleet deployment issue and cargo allocation issue under the background of COVID19 epidemic and the “dual carbon” strategy, in order to meet the requirements of liner companies for the balanced development of fleet transportation efficiency, economic benefits, service quality and environmental benefits, a multiobjective fleet deployment and cargo allocation optimization model was established to achieve the goal of maximizing fleet average space utilization and operating profit, minimizing cargo time value loss and single container carbon emission. According to the internal relationship between subproblems, the model was decomposed into a twolevel model. The upper level was mixed integer nonlinear programming to deal with route ship allocation and speed optimization, and the lower level was linear programming to deal with cargo allocation. The solution algorithm was designed based on NSGAⅡ algorithm framework. Taking the fleet of a liner company as example, the results show that the model and the optimization solution method are feasible, and the liner company can adopt the mixed strategy of slightly increasing the speed and increasing the number of small and mediumsized ships to achieve the effect of carbon emission reduction while meeting more freight demand and coping with port congestion.