基于MATLAB/Simulink仿真平台，构建4190型船用增压四冲程柴油机的非线性仿真模型，进行进、排气系统的仿真计算. 以4190ZLC-2型船舶中速柴油机为例，并将仿真结果与实验结果进行对比，验证了柴油机仿真模型的正确性.利用该仿真模型进一步研究进、排气系统对4190 ZLC-2型柴油机功率、扭矩、燃油消耗率、充气效率等参数的影响.结果表明：柴油机进气总管直径偏移+20mm与排气歧管直径为65mm时，4190型柴油机经济性和排放性达到最优，为190系列船用中速柴油机性能优化设计提供了依据.
A nonlinear simulation model of 4190 type turbocharged 4stroke marine diesel engine was built based on MATLAB/Simulink platform, and the simulation calculation of air intake and exhaust system was carried out. Taking 4190ZLC-2 type marine diesel engine as example, the correctness of the simulation model of diesel engine was verified by comparing the simulation results with the test ones. Finally, the proposed simulation model was used to study the effects of the intake and exhaust system on the performances of 4190ZLC-2 type diesel engine power, torque, fuel consumption rate as well as charging efficiency. Simulation results indicate that the fuel economy and emission of 4190 type diesel engine achieve the optimal value when the inlet manifold diameter offset +20 mm and exhaust manifold diameter of 65 mm, which provides the basis of performance optimization for the 190 series medium speed marine diesel engine design.
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