考虑闸室面积利用率的三峡船闸调度方法

李珍尧, 赵尊荣, 叶子良, 吴兵

doi:10.16411/j.cnki.issn1006-7736.2023.04.009

大连海事大学学报 >

2023 , Vol. 49 >Issue 4: 76 - 87

DOI: https://doi.org/10.16411/j.cnki.issn1006-7736.2023.04.009

考虑闸室面积利用率的三峡船闸调度方法

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(1. 武汉理工大学 a.水路交通控制全国重点实验室;b. 国家水运安全工程技术研究中心; c.智能交通系统研究中心；d. 交通与物流工程学院湖北武汉 430063；2.长江三峡通航管理局，湖北宜昌 443002；3. 香港理工大学董浩云国际海事研究中心，香港 999077；4.广东省内河港航产业研究有限公司，广东韶关 512100)

李珍尧（1998 — ），女，硕士生，研究方向：港航调度与优化，E-mail：zhenyao.li@whut.edu.cn。吴兵*（1986 — ），男，博士，研究员，博士生导师，研究方向：智能船舶航行安全、海事安全监管与仿真、水下安全与应急等，E-mail：bing.wu@whut.edu.cn。

收稿日期: 2023-06-03

修回日期: 2023-07-18

录用日期: 2023-07-18

网络出版日期: 2023-07-18

基金资助

国家自然科学基金资助项目（51920105014；52071248）；韶关市引进创新创业团队项目（201212176230928）；中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助项目（2023IVB079）

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A dispatching method for Three Gorges ship locks considering the utilization of lock chamber area

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(1a. State Key Laboratory of Maritime Technology and Safety; 1b. National Engineering Research Center for Water Transport Safety;1c. Intelligent Transportation System Research Center; 1d. School of Transportation and Logistics Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430063, China; 2. Three Gorges Navigation Authority, Yichang 443002, China; 3. TUNG C Y International Centre for Maritime Studies, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong 999077, China; 4. Inland Port and Shipping Industry Research Co., Ltd. of Guangdong Province, Shaoguan 512100, China)

Received date: 2023-06-03

Revised date: 2023-07-18

Accepted date: 2023-07-18

Online published: 2023-07-18

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摘要

三峡船闸现行调度模式中采取“船舶先到先过闸”策略，此策略下闸室利用率偏低，为提高三峡闸室利用率和通航效率，提出结合改进蚁群算法和剩余矩形填充算法的三峡船闸调度优化算法。以船舶平均待闸时间和平均闸室面积利用率为目标函数建立三峡船闸调度模型。为求解此模型，在考虑三峡船闸通航规则和船舶属性基础上引入船舶权重，确定船舶入闸序列；通过最优闸室排档的信息素更新策略、自适应选择与动态调整相结合的路径转移策略，提高船闸调度优化算法的全局寻优能力，并在每次寻优过程中采用剩余矩形填充算法完成闸室内船舶排布，避免算法陷入局部最优。以三峡南线船闸为例，使用船舶过闸实际数据对本文方法进行验证，并与人工编排、CPLEX求解结果进行比较。结果表明，本文方法的船舶平均待闸时间相较于人工编排与CPLEX求解结果分别降低了10.26%和2.62%，平均闸室面积利用率分别提高了8.42%和7.31%。

关键词： 三峡船闸; 船闸调度; 船舶平均待闸时间; 平均闸室面积利用率; 蚁群算法; 剩余矩形填充算法

本文引用格式

李珍尧, 赵尊荣, 叶子良, 吴兵 . 考虑闸室面积利用率的三峡船闸调度方法[J]. 大连海事大学学报, 2023 , 49(4) : 76 -87 . DOI: 10.16411/j.cnki.issn1006-7736.2023.04.009

Abstract

The current scheduling method of ship lock of Three Gorges adopts the strategy of “first-come, first-served”, which leads to a low utilization rate of ship lock. To improve the utilization rate and navigation efficiency of the Three Gorges lock chamber, a scheduling optimization algorithm combined the improving ant colony algorithm and the remaining rectangle filling algorithm for the Three Gorges ship lock was proposed. Three Gorges ship lock scheduling model was established by taking the average waiting time of ships and the utilization rate of the average lock chamber area as the objective functions. To solve the model, the ship weights were introduced based on the navigation rules and ship attributes of the Three Gorges ship lock, and the sequence of ship entry was determined. By optimal lock chamber scheduling pheromone update strategy, and path transfer strategy combining adaptive selection with dynamic adjustment, the global optimization ability of the ship lock scheduling optimizaiton algorithm, the global search ability of the algorithm was improved. In each optimization process, the remaining rectangle filling algorithm was used to complete the ship layout in the lock chamber to avoid the algorithm falling into local optima. Taking the Three Gorges south line ship as an example, the method proposed was validated using actual data of ship passing through the lock, and compared with the results of manual arrangement and CPLEX solution. Results show that the average waiting time for ships used proposed is reduced by 10.26 % and 2.62% respectively compared to manual scheduling and CPLEX solution results, and the average utilization rate of lock chamber area is increased by 8.42 % and 7.31%, respectively.

Key words： Three Gorges ship locks; ship lock scheduling; average waiting time of ships; average utilization rate of lock chamber area; ant colony algorithm; surplus rectangle fill algorithm

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