为帮助拖运企业实现高运转与低成本的均衡化运营，提出了一种基于“三角拖运”策略的拖运企业联盟模式。首先，构建了一个两阶段利润分配模型，用于完成联盟内集卡调度、集装箱路径规划以及联盟内部企业间的利润分配任务。然后，以一个集装箱港口的拖运企业联盟为例，利用CPLEX完成对模型验证与分析工作。算例结果表明：（1）基于“三角拖运”的联盟模式有效提高拖运效率和联盟利润；（2）基于利润与贡献的最小二乘值利润分配方法中，自身利润越大、贡献越高的企业分得的联盟利润越多，但随着利润重要度参数的增加，贡献较高的企业分得的联盟利润逐渐下降；（3）客户满意度、资源投入、风险承担能力等影响因素的权重与企业的分配利润呈正相关关系。最后，通过与平均分配法及Shapley值法等传统利润分配方法对比，证明了提出的两阶段利润分配模型有效提高了联盟企业合作的稳定性。

To help drayage enterprise alliances achieve a trade-off operation with high efficiency and low costs, this study proposed a drayage enterprise alliance mode based on the “triangular drayage” strategy. First, a two-stage profit allocation model was constructed to facilitate the tasks within the alliance of truck scheduling, container route planning, and profit distribution among the member companies. Then, the designed model was verified and analyzed with CPLEX by taking a drayage company alliance in the container terminal as a study case. The results indicate that: (1) The drayage efficiency, and the alliance profit are improved through the proposed alliance mode based on ‘triangular drayage’; (2) In the least square profit distribution method based on profit and contribution, the companies with high-level profitability and contribution in alliance are allocated more reward, while their profit share decrease gradually as the increase of profit importance among enterprises alliance; (3) The weights of influencing factors (e.g., customer satisfaction, resource commitment, and risk-taking ability) are positively correlated with a company’s distributed profit. Finally, it is proved that the proposed two-stage profit distribution model can effectively improve the cooperation stability of alliance enterprises through comparing with the traditional profit allocation methods, e.g., the average distribution method and Shapley value method.