区块链技术的引入为解决航运物流透明度低、运输单证滞后等问题提供了有效方案，但不同航运链成员主导区块链系统的建设会对各方的运营决策产生不同的影响。对此，考虑货主对追溯信息的偏好，构建了港口、承运人和货运代理的三级航运供应链，由各方分别主导区块链溯源系统的建设，结合成本分摊策略，使用Stackelberg博弈模型，对比分析了基准模式与三种区块链技术模式下的最优定价策略。此外考虑了不同政府补贴模式下的补贴力度和成员定价策略。研究结果发现：区块链技术对于航运供应链成员来说并不总是最优决策，这与成本分摊比例、货主对追溯信息的偏好以及航运文书延迟成本有关。当货主对溯源信息偏好较高，而溯源成本较低时，各方应提高溯源水平，从而提高自身收益。政府的固定补贴模式无法给跟随者带来收益，而在追溯补贴模式下，当航运链领导者的分摊比例高于一定阈值时，追溯补贴力度的提高会使整个供应链的利润最大化。

The introduction of blockchain technology provides an effective solution to the problems in shipping logistics such as low transparency and low efficiency of transportation documents. However, the construction of blockchain system led by different members of shipping chain can have different effects on the operational decisions of all parties. In this regard, by taking into account shippers’ preference for traceability information, a three-level shipping supply chain composed of ports, carriers and freight forwarders is constructed, where each party leads the construction of the blockchain traceability system. On the basis of cost sharing strategy, the Stackelberg game model is used to compare and analyze the optimal pricing strategy under the benchmark model and the three blockchain technology models. In addition, the subsidy intensity and members’ pricing strategies under different government subsidy models are considered. The research results show that blockchain technology is not always the optimal decision-making for members of the shipping supply chain, but is related to the cost-sharing ratio, shippers’ preference for traceability information, and the delay cost of shipping documents. When shippers’ preference for traceability information is high but the cost of traceability is low, all parties should improve the traceability to increase respective revenue. Although the government’s fixed subsidy model cannot bring benefits to followers, while in the retrospective subsidy model, when the sharing ratio of the leaders of the shipping chain is higher than a certain threshold, the enhanced traceability subsidy intensity will bring maximum profits to the entire supply chain.