为合理分配堆场存储空间、减小集卡在场桥处等待作业时间并提高堆场作业效率，本文考虑堆场箱区箱量不均衡对场桥装卸效率的影响，建立以集卡排队时间成本和行驶时间成本之和为目标的堆场空间分配数学模型。针对集卡排队时间成本，内嵌基于Anylogic的集卡作业仿真模型，拟合集卡在场桥处的平均排队时间与场桥装卸效率、集卡到达率的数学关系。针对大规模算例设计了变邻域搜索算法来求解该模型，通过一系列数值实验来评估所提算法的性能，并研究了堆场装卸作业效率变化对堆场空间分配决策的影响程度。研究结果表明：考虑堆场箱区箱量不均衡对场桥装卸效率影响可有效减少集卡等待场桥作业的排队时间成本（降幅约14.74%），加快了集卡作业周转，进而提高堆场作业效率。

In order to allocate yard storage space reasonably, reduce waiting time for trucks at the yard bridges, and improve yard operation efficiency, the impact of uneven container volume in the yard area on the efficiency of bridge crane loading and unloading operations was considered in this study. A mathematical model for yard space allocation with the objective of minimizing the sum of queueing time cost and driving time cost for trucks was established. For the cost of queueing time for trucks, an embedded truck operation simulation model based on Anylogic was used to model the mathematical relationship between average queueing time at the yard bridges, bridge crane loading and unloading efficiency, and truck arrival rate. A variable neighborhood search algorithm was designed to solve the model for large-scale instances, and a series of numerical experiments were conducted to evaluate the performance of the proposed algorithm. The study investigated the degree of impact of changes in yard loading and unloading efficiency on yard space allocation decisions. The results indicates that considering the impact of uneven container volume in the yard area on bridge crane loading and unloading efficiency can effectively reduce the queueing time cost for trucks waiting for bridge crane operations (by approximately 14.74%) and accelerate truck operation turnover, thereby improving yard operation efficiency.