为使船舶碰撞危险度更好地指导船舶进行避碰决策，提出一种考虑船舶避让能力的碰撞危险度评价方法。结合AIS数据、NOMOTO操纵运动方程、COLREGS和船舶领域入侵度量模型，建立与最晚施舵时机、安全避让角度集相关的两个危险度评价指标，即避让难度(AD)和避让时间紧迫度(ATU)，分别从空间和时间维度对危险度进行评价，再采用CRITIC法确定两个指标的权重，最后通过宁波舟山港区外海水域数据进行不同场景的多危险度对比实验体现方法的有效性。结果表明该方法综合考虑了不同船舶的操纵性能差异、COLREGS以及船间相对运动趋势，同时在多船危险度评价过程中特别关注了避让操作可能引发的潜在碰撞危险，实现了更为合理的船舶碰撞危险度评价，对船舶避碰决策有一定的应用价值。

To better guide ships in collision avoidance decision-making, a collision risk evaluation method considering the maneuvering capabilities of ships is proposed. By integrating AIS data, NOMOTO maneuvering motion equations, the COLREGS, and ship domain intrusion measurement model, two risk evaluation indicators related to the latest rudder application time and the safety avoidance angle set are established, namely Avoidance Difficulty (AD) and Avoidance Time Urgency (ATU), which evaluate the risk from spatial and temporal dimensions, respectively. Then, the CRITIC method is used to determine the weight of the two indicators. Finally, the effectiveness of the method is demonstrated through multi-risk comparison experiments in different scenarios using data from the outer waters of the Ningbo Zhoushan port area. The results indicate that the method takes into account the differences in maneuvering performance of various ships, the COLREGS, and the relative motion trends between ships, while paying special attention to the potential collision risk that may arise from avoidance maneuvers during the multi-ship risk assessment process, achieving a more reasonable evaluation of ship collision risk and has certain application value for ship collision avoidance decision-making.